See how InterDigital’s Service-based Architecture (SBA) platform is currently being deployed and evaluated in Bristol and Barcelona in multi-partner initiatives such as the Horizon2020 FLAME and the UK-funded Smart Tourism projects. The demo will show performance benefits across the network through Layer 2 multicast, as well as the terminal. These benefits include increasing the flexibility of network-wide service deployments as mobile applications install and facilitate dynamic mobile function offloading, which improves usability and user experience beyond current smartphone-centric applications.

MWC19: 5G Core Network Testbeds

Join Ravikumar Pragada, Senior Principal Engineer at InterDigital, as he discusses what’s happening in 5G Standards, and what's coming next for Beyond 5G technology.

MWC19: Beyond 5G Standards Evolution

Join Alan Carlton, VP InterDigital Labs, as he discusses Edge Computing at MWC19.

MWC19: Edge Computing Interview

This demonstration hosted by Robert Gazda, Senior Director of Engineering at InterDigital, highlights the benefits of Edge Computing combined with 5G Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC) – to realize a Mission Critical Automation application vertical. See how drones operate and interact autonomously in a dense urban environment, navigating obstructed views due to buildings by reporting telemetry and sensor information to an Edge-enabled Collaborative Collision Detection and Avoidance (DAA) service, deployed at the “extreme edge” of the network (e.g. point of access sites). Learn how InterDigital realized this application and others utilizing our AdvantEDGE platform, an agile mobile edge emulation environment.

5G Edge – Autonomous Drones on AdvantEDGE

MWC19: 5G Edge – Autonomous Drones on AdvantEDGE

This demonstration hosted by Charles Turyagyenda, Staff Engineer at InterDigital, highlights the benefits of micro-services based distributed computing at the extreme edge of the 5G network. Experience E2E 360 video streaming deployed cost-efficiently across three tiers of computing nodes (low, medium and high end) all under unified orchestration and control. The demo features two 360-degree cameras, each capturing a separate event happening in a different area of the booth, and users can view video streaming from either camera location, using a smartphone or oculus rift goggles while consuming only a fraction of the bandwidth.

5G-CORAL -- Virtual Reality Video Streaming

MWC19: 5G-CORAL - Virtual Reality Video Streaming

Join Fred Schreider, Senior Director of Engineering at InterDigital as he discusses how mmWave is a continuing part of the 5G evolution, from testbeds to new standards initiatives. Take a remote look at live demonstrations from our labs in New York, which showcase our 28GHz NR development platform with beam management between UE and gNB. Get a firsthand view of our available research platforms including 60GHz Edgelink™, a NR Modem Processing Unit, and a 28GHz phased array Mast Head Unit.

MWC19: 5G Radio Access Testbeds

A fully functional ‘5G’ network will involve a wide variety of technologies and capabilities. In this video, InterDigital's Alan Carlton walks us through six key arguments that position the Edge as most important to 5G and the 5G business cases. This talk is a clip from the Mobile World Congress 2018 session titled, "Debate: Do 5G Business Cases Depend More on Core or Edge Upgrades?". If you would like to watch the full debate, 

Alan Carlton Debates Why 5G Business Cases Depend More on Edge Upgrades

5G is happening now, and the upcoming years will see many new testbeds and trial networks. The testbeds will lay and validate the foundation of 5G, but will also set opportunities for new research initiatives. This MWC18 panel looks at the breadth of international activities on-going with 5G testbeds and discusses differences in approaches and expectations.

MWC18: Research Directions for 5G (and Beyond) Testbeds

This MWC18 panel debate features industry leaders from China Telecom, Affirmed Networks, 3GPP, Qualcomm, ECI Telecom, ZTE and InterDigital discussing core versus edge; what evolution will be more important; just how intertwined will it be; and where will the greatest value be derived.

MWC18 Session "Debate: Do 5G Business Cases Depend More on Core or Edge Upgrades?

Check out this demonstration for the H2020 5GPPP 5G-Crosshaul consortium that integrates InterDigital's EdgeLink™ system into an integrated fronthaul and backhaul trial at the Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute in Berlin.

5G Crosshaul: mmW Integrated Fronthaul and Backhaul

At 5G World, InterDigital's Dirk Trossen demonstrates and explains our Next Generation Networks platform. The platform is a hybrid of pure ICN and IP, to leverage the best of both: re-introducing multicast, particularly for HTTP unicast scenarios, as a way to drive down bandwidth costs. Watch the video to learn more!

5G World: Dirk Trossen Talks Next Gen Networks

5G Technical Overview

5G - What to Expect

In this Mobile World Congress (MWC) session, Alan Carlton, senior director of InterDigital Labs and head of InterDigital’s European office, hosts a discussion with IMEC program director for wireless communications, Dr. Liesbet Van der Perre, and University of Aveiro professor Dr. Rui Aguiar, a member of the Board of the 5G Public Partnership Project (5GPPP) , on the topic of 5G technologies. Alan: What do you both see as the key driving requirements for 5G that are emerging today? Rui: Good question. I believe the key word is freedom. We are witnessing a huge amount of discussion about what 5G is about, and we always have to ask, “What would be the added value?” Most of the time, if you ask what people want, it is the ability to be free to choose their operator, to choose their technology, free to be able to roam without being concerned if they are paying more and free to be able to actually lead their normal life without actually considering or thinking about technology. Liesbet: From the technology side, I like to hear that, but there are also reasons why we can't just fulfill all the future requirements that users and non-users, like machines and other devices, will ask of the technology and wireless capacity. We need to boost capacity because of the quality and variety of services. And maybe that's the freedom you're talking about as well, the variety of services needs to go up. The capacity needs to grow by a factor of 1,000, and with just more 4G, that will not work. We really need to rethink the systems and come up with some new solutions because services need to become better. More and more devices will be there; more applications will be there. We need another kind of solution, another kind of networking. Rui: Jumping on what you just said, this notion of 1,000 times more capacity is mostly the notion of bulk spectrum. One of the things that will differentiate 5G from what we have today is that this is the spectrum of the whole without any kind of intelligence. You mentioned machines and more advanced services. And all these things actually will start to explore, in an intelligent manner, the spectrum. So, we will need to revisit spectrum thinking as whole to deliver this 1,000 times. Liesbet: Yes, I didn’t say spectrum. I think capacity needs to grow; and it’s a better usage of the spectrum, which can also boost the capacity. Better use of the current spectrum, plus the potential exploration of new spectrum and usage of high frequencies like we see popping up today, will boost capacity. However, then we are probably going into what other technologies we need, rather than just asking what is needed for the new technologies. The MWC roundtable with Alan Carlton of InterDigital (left), Liesbet Van der Perre from IMEC (center), Rui Aguiar from the 5GPPP (right). Alan: Absolutely, and I would just add my two cents in terms of how we see the major driving requirements for 5G. It's really two major things. One is that the driving requirement of ultra-broadband, gigabit per second communications technology is the classic wireless roadmap of give me more, give me more now. And it's still not enough. Then there is the proverbial 50 billion Internet of Things devices; the whole body of new requirements, which didn’t need to be addressed by a mainstream wireless technology in the past. Alan: Moving on to the next question. What do you feel 5G is going to give us that 4G cannot? Liesbet: Today we can anticipate that 4G will not even be able to offer us the capacity that will be needed when the number of devices keeps increasing as it does currently. Even maintaining the service that we have today - with the increasing number of devices – will need more than 4G. Next to that, of course, we hope that there's going to be the opportunity to connect more things and people, and deliver higher services. Rui: I want to take a very common example and a very simple example. We are talking about machines, and we are not really paying attention to what that means. What that means may be that your heart controller is instantly connected to your physician in your town. 5G will give us the trust to actually believe that when we will need to send an emergency signal, we can rely on it because in some way, the emergency signal will reach your physician. I don't really believe that with 4G - at least I would hesitate putting the health of my heart in the capabilities 4G technology. Liesbet: Do you really think trusted networks are going to be extremely important? Rui: Trustable, reliable - of course. We can look at the high bit rate, which may exist. We even look at the virtual reality or something, which I prefer better, the augmented reality scenarios. I really believe it's not just the simple matter of spectrum and capacity. Liesbet: Yeah, of course. In order to be able to make sure your call always gets in, there will be a need to make sure that the capacity is there. In case there is an emergency and many people try to do the same thing; at least the network can support that. 5G needs to support all of that. Alan: I'd very much like to hear your opinion on what you're raising as challenges, like supporting technologies and augmented reality. I think that sort of technology is almost an embodiment of the type of service we'll see emerging in the 5G timeframe in a more mainstream sense. One of the requirements that has been identified in the 5G Public Partnership Project is the one millisecond latency requirement, which I think will be an amazing driver for a new radio system and a new technology, and an entire impact across the system and network and [the radio]. Think back through 2G, through 3G and 4G. There's been a gradual slow roll roadmap, where basically 2G was about voice, where all we needed was 100 milliseconds. 3G and 4G was about video support, which is about 10 to 20 milliseconds, which is a tolerable delay. When we start moving into the 5G timeframe, where we're really interacting as much with objects and devices, that one millisecond latency is going to be a very key requirement. Rui: As you know, I am involved on the steering board of the 5G PPP Association. I have to agree with you. The latency requirement is frightening because what we are talking about is having a multi-access network, multi-service network with latency performance metrics, which are equivalent as a dedicated system. I'm not sure if we'll be able to get much better than these kinds of requirements that we are putting to the latency. To be honest, I think it's a huge challenge that we will have in the upcoming years. Alan: What are the key technologies that you are seeing today that might be part of 5G? Rui: There are two dimensions to the challenge of 5G. One dimension is technology itself. Here, most people are concerned with the radio access, where we go to higher frequencies, to smaller devices, to smaller cells. The other challenge is from a different nature. And it's simply that we need to have a 5G network we can afford. Let's say - we all know that one of the biggest improvements in spectrum that exists in the last 20 years was simply, smaller cells. Now we are reaching a stage where if you go along that line, the number of cells that we are bringing is going to add a huge amount of challenges to the backbone of the system. Now power consumption and backbone is already becoming a problem and it's going to be an increasing problem in the future. We will have a balance regarding what we can do, and what we are able to pay for. There will be a couple of technologies like vocalization software working; software defined radio; energy aware optimizations; not just delay, but power minimization. There will be a couple of technologies that will appear, that at this moment, we have not yet fully explored. Liesbet: We've been working on some of this, and it's definitely not to the point where this research has ended. Commenting on the radio access, I do think next to the smaller cells, there are a couple of disruptive ideas, like for example massive MIMO systems. It looks to be very promising, in order to be able to reduce power consumption and boost the capacity using the current frequencies. Next to that, further deployment of millimeter waves beyond where we are looking today, in the backbone, but potentially also more into the access network, might be a solution because clearly there is a lot of bandwidth available. It might help to cope with the requirements we have there. Alan: Thank you, Liesbet. I agree with both of you. I would add to that, millimeter waves are certainly a critical technology. The move to small cell technology has been one that's been going on for many, many years, and millimeter wave hotspots are the natural next step for us. This is the right time for the embracement of spectrum sharing technologies — an area that has been of massive research over many years, but through initiatives like white space and license shared access. Some of the key enabling building blocks are being developed today that will likely be big enablers in the 5G timeframe.

5G Millimeter Wave Hotspots

Male Voice: InterDigital's Millimeter Wave Hotspots are the 5G solution for longer-term wireless capacity growth, enabling backhaul and access throughput beyond what’s available with the emerging small-cell and spectrum-sharing solutions. Demand for wireless capacity is growing at an unprecedented rate, doubling in each of the last five years, according to one operator. At this rate, we could need 100X improvements by the year 2020, exhausting advancements that are becoming available through current spectrum-sharing and small-cell initiatives. By 2023 and beyond, we need to consider how to provide more than 1000X growth. And more spectrum, through higher-frequency Millimeter Wave bands is the answer. These advancements must be realized without raising costs. Typical Millimeter Wave Hotspot deployments include lampposts, strand mounting, storefront, as well as large public spaces, such as airports and malls. The Millimeter Wave Hotspot architecture is built upon three key innovative elements: electrically-steerable, phased-array antennas, which provide multidirectional coverage with higher gain; wireless backhaul, for enabling a high-capacity mesh network of small cells; and, finally, Millimeter Wave Hotspot access links, enabling gigabit data to our mobile devices. Our analysis and experimentation shows that it is possible to meet the 1000X capacity demand of the next decade with Millimeter Wave Hotspots covering approximately 150 meter ranges. Douglas Castor: InterDigital’s wireless research is driven by looking at the needs of next-generation systems. And early on, we saw the need to utilize higher-frequency spectrum. There is a historical trend of wireless moving to higher frequencies, and we didn’t see this stopping for 5G. So, we built a comprehensive set of research tools that allow evaluation of our Millimeter Wave architecture envision. And this year, we are presenting our Millimeter Wave Hotspot concept, along with our evolving platform. Daniel Steinbach: What we will now demonstrate is a three-node mesh network, using InterDigital’s Millimeter Wave technology. What we see is that the nodes are in discovery mode, where they’re trying to form a mesh network. At this point, node one has connected to node two, and now node three has just connected to node one, as well. And as soon as nodes two and three form a link, we will send pseudorandom data through the system, where data will be passing through all three nodes. And then, at some point, we will then break the link between nodes two and three, which will then reroute the data around the mesh network. At this point, all three nodes are connected, and we see, through quick graphs, are streaming data through. What we see here is, we see a relatively consistent RSSI throughput and uplink throughput, as well. And now we’re going to break the link between nodes two and three, and we see that the link is down, and that the throughput has gone up between nodes two, one, and three, simply because it’s rerouting the data that used to pass between two and three. We now reestablish the link between node two and three, and the data has gone back to its initial state. Male Voice: Millimeter Wave Hotspots are one of the ways InterDigital is leading the way with 5G research. Our platforms and technologies will soon be available for integration within the 5G research and industry community.

Beyond Connections with Jim Nolan

Jim: Good afternoon. [This, introduce me] Jim Nolan within Inter Digital. The topic of discussion today that we’ll talk to is ubiquitous connectivity and the sea change that it will bring about in various aspects in our mobile broadband experience. We believe that this is truly one of the most important questions the industry faces today. I see this opportunity to speak to you to provide some context of the many changes that we believe that will be discussed here at the conference and you can also see displayed in the booths outside in the hall. I’d also like to note how important that future is to Inter Digital giving our role in identifying, developing, and helping to standardize that future.

We talk about ubiquitous connectivity; it feels like we’re talking to 5G. I alluded to it as 5G. That topic has gotten a lot of attention today and I know a number of people are asking what is 5G? It seems kind of amorphous right now in terms of what it really is and what the definition is. But as always the answer of what is 5G and when 5G will be here is not what I’ll say and when it’ll be. It’s when the marketing high TV commercials and carriers and handset vendors that this next technology is 5G. So, unfortunately it’s not when we’ll have that true capability of what will be 5G or the next network, but it’s when the marketing hype basically states that it’s 55G and it includes some of the elements that I’m talking about today. But I do believe that when we get there what would be more important is that it’ll be a vastly different world in what we’ll see in terms of mobile communications than what we see today.

So, what I’d like to do is just walk us back in terms of a little history in where we’ve been and how do we get to that future. What you’ll see is the tremendous change that’s happened over the last two decades. If you look at that moving from 4G to 5G the amount of change I believe we’ll see is just as dramatic. I think that what’s really important is the change will be not so much the devices or the technology but the way users interact with that new network. So, I’ll start with a little history.

Well it all started with first-generation mobile phones. They were just simple FM radios, a little more than walkie-talkies with limited roaming capability that were too big and too power-hungry to really be portable. Mobility was defined by the installation in cars and the trunks of cars of automobiles of a privileged few, installed as after-market solutions for a handful of executives and high-end sales people. It was at that time ultimate status symbol and statement that you had arrived.

But for the masses, whose introduction to mobile communications was more often than not the pager, we remember those. Second-generation, true second-generation wireless technology finally brought true mobile, high-quality digital voice and text capability at a price point that made it a have-to-have device for all. The pager quickly found its way into the trash and we wondered how anyone could use more than 50 texts and a couple hundred voice minutes a month. But we used them, and more.

After that overwhelming success of second-generation mobile technology built on truly global standards, we forged ahead to 3G and the promise of broadband capability in everyone’s hands. Of applications like real time video calling and [let’s stop today] the promise of that was we talked about real time video calling but well we really weren’t quite ready for that yet. So, the early reality of 3G didn’t quite match the hype as a cost of auction spectrum and limited busy hour data rates, limited number of differentiated 3G applications, wait on network operators for several years.

We wounded [up] in a desert in search for that killer application. Many overly concerned about the potential of [wool guardant] created by handset OEMs or mobile network operators that never clearly delivered on expectation. Well the killer application, well it was there all along, it was under our noses. It was the Internet. And the vast array of applications that repackaged our online web experience with gaming, personal finance, and other applications into personalized meaningful and truly untethered experiences.

Yes the iPhone and eventually its imitators ultimately got it right. It was all about the user experience. Not data rates or the number of days of operation of battery power we could stand without recharging our flip phones or bricks. Today I can’t convince my kids that the iPhone wasn’t the smartphone but it was the first one that truly mattered [in almost every one matter].

True Internet access in our hands simple to use with applications that rivaled our wire line experience brought to us all through an application store that many of us already knew, trusted for music and other applications and it delivered the ultimate [well garden] of application service and content. So, we worried about one [suite of well gardens] but ultimately that was replaced by other over-the-top [well gardens].

Moving onto LTE and 4G, which brought the promise of truly mobile broadband experience for all. Although not always ubiquitous today in terms of coverage and in many case not competitively priced [whether] access alternatives, especially Wi-Fi use as substitution. Today using a current integrated 3G and 4G networks, millennials send thousands of texts and soon gigabytes of data through video, voice calls, and texts mostly over IP using a multitude of applications, iChat, Skype, What’sApp, many others. And although the current reality is that many of the IP and content services are primarily delivered by Wi-Fi and the millennials that use those use virtually no voice minutes at all.

So, quite a bit has changed just from that five to eight years between the advent of 3G and the introduction of 4G. But I did mention Wi-Fi and the real significance about this is the ubiquity of wireless broadband through Wi-Fi often brought the dominant use of Wi-Fi for those data-hungry applications. The other is the disappearance of voice from those devices and how we use those devices today. I think that gives you a little insight in terms of the shift, in terms of how we use our devices and what 5G will look like.

So, where do we go from here? Although 5G will incorporate significant advancements from an advanced and evolved arrant-face perspective, which I’ll survey in a little bit, it will be I believe a story of much, much more. I believe that the network of tomorrow will be a living, breathing, dynamic, self-organizing and self-healing network. A living network that connects to you as opposed to you connecting to it, that proactively provides you with relevant information and knowledge. A network that is connected to everything and is smart enough to discover, analyze, synthesize, and present meaningful information to you anytime anywhere. An evolved network that’s transparent to you, its functions abstract, you don’t have to configure or provision devices, it’s simply there when you need it.

That living network is an evolved network that delivers not only applications and services that we use today and trust but also deliver truly integrated applications and services through devices and platforms that leverage all of the data we create and the content we use and the context we interact with them and consume them. The context of our lives derive not only from interactions with our applications and services via smartphones, tablets, and PCs, but also from sensors, wearables, appliances, and a host of other devices. Everything and anything connected as the incremental cost of connectivity of that next device approaches zero. So, when we think about end devices ultimately the cost of that additional device and connecting it to our network can and will be go to zero. Where the appliances and services that we use can - will and can anticipate our needs, at the same time simplifying our interaction between us and our devices and machines. So, as a concept I talked about a living network.

We believe that living network will deliver those enhanced services and applications using any access technology. So, through any wireless access technology, whether it’s cellular, Wii, personal area or near field technologies on our devices, it will also include next-generation small cells that support the densification of data demand and provide gigabit per second access that will be required to support the delivery of an explosive amount of content. Any spectrum, whether licensed, unlicensed, or shared and we’ll talk about this some more in terms of use of unlicensed and shared spectrum in other presentations, we believe this will open up opportunities for new service providers and alleviate the artificial scarcity of spectrum. In many cases for broad area coverage, low-frequency spectrum that scarcity is largely driven by speculation of lower-frequency bands.

We also believe that not only will the lower frequencies provide that coverage but we think that there are vast amounts of new higher-frequency spectrum available, in particular millimeter-wave spectrum for that dense data demand that 5G and beyond will need. So, not only any access in any spectrum but we think that this and these services and capabilities will deliver to any device. That’s not only through our smartphones and tablets, but all other devices and objects that create information and/or data that we rely on or can leverage, interact with continuously. We believe that it will be all connected, available, anywhere and anytime. Using all of the applications we enjoy today on any platform, along with applications and mash-ups that we haven’t dreamed of yet. As I said we’ve come a long way in the last 10 or 15 years and I think there’s still quite a bit a way to go.

In terms of what our devices to and what our networks do, I believe that they will use all the data created by devices, aggregate it, analyze and act upon in the cloud in a way that is relevant to us. From both the aggregation of big data from our common shared community of devices and from what I’ll refer to as small data, the personalized data from our devices, wearables, home automation and connected cars. Data and context that is relevant to us individually while respecting our desire and expectation of privacy and security. This will drive new business models for access and content that leverage and monetize the data. I believe that the data, the information is truly the oil of this information economy and network economy. The access, the intermodal transport is what will deliver that true heterogeneous network.

But as consumers we will be faced with the choice to trade access to our data for free or nearly free for nearly free access. Just as we trade access to a data for free applications, services, and content today. In this paradigm does the operator-driven network continue to provide our ubiquitous experience or do other islands of service emerge that provide free access and content to us with the implicit trade to access to our data and context? I believe this will happen. Not without issues in terms of privacy, security, and ownership of that data.

Well how will that next-generation network, the living network remove friction and simplify our interactions with our computer devices and deliver new experiences? Access and connectivity will become hidden with data and devices becoming plug and play, enabling emerging Internet of things-based applications through advanced device and service discovery and next-generation mobile device management capabilities. Access to networks, heterogeneous networks will be managed in a distributed way as access is managed behind the scenes via policy, session and continuity management through emerging technologies like hotspot 2.0 and beyond, [ANDSF], IP flow mobility will moved to distributed mobility management and new cloud-driven policy paradigms.

So, what that does is provide connectivity across all of those devices seamlessly, or transparently I think is a better way to look at it. I don’t think consumers care whether it’s seamless or not, it’s just that its transparent and abstracted to them. So, we see the move towards zero sign-in, advanced [ANDSDF], distributed mobility management and true management of heterogeneous networks, any-access networks. Networks both core and radio-access networks will be virtualized. I think there’s a lot of dialogue about that in the conference, reducing the cost and enabling greater scale with distributed self-organizing networks, software-defined networking, and network function virtualization all enabling greater scale ability and lowering the cost of delivery of access and service. Bandwidth limitation disappears from user experience through bandwidth-adaptive technologies, ubiquitous access is a given.

Identity, security and privacy are refined as you are not a singular device for a service, you are the sum of many parts and you have access to many things. User agency moves to the cloud, trust models include transivity. Vertical silos breakdown, mash-ups emerge combining data, knowledge across devices bringing additional incremental value. Applications that combine health data or fitness data, genomics, current environmental conditions, availability of professionals, nutrition, cost, etc. will provide additional personalized experience. Business models will evolve and change to include micro-billing, spectrum brokering, privacy-protected marketing, digital currencies, personal data exchanges will also emerge. The value to consumers will be delivered through applications and services while ad, search, and retail models will evolve and continue to be important drivers.

Big data becomes big knowledge and by understanding the context big data can start to proactively deliver content and services as opposed to being simply aggregation and analysis while leveraging small data that is collected from all of our devices and the things in our life personalizes and simplifies our digital experience and our digital life. So, what I’d like to do is just give some examples of what Inter Digital brings to that next generation network. So, Inter Digital is building and partnering to help create that living network or elements of what we believe will be 5G. Using Inter Digital’s platforms partners can quickly and easily add value to the next generation network solutions. Among those next-generation technologies that will enable that network, I see a couple of them listed here so I’ll go through a couple of them as examples.

The first is machine-to-machine Internet of things solutions. We’re working with a partner Sony and a joint venture to develop standard space, service-delivery platform and application-enabling platforms that will enable Internet of everything to scale beyond today’s current proprietary and vertical solutions. Making plug and play deployment of devices using advanced device and service discovery and providing access to big data and small data generated from those connected devices available to a multitude of new and emerging applications. If we look at spectrum-sharing solutions we believe that there’s really several models this could be used in. it can be used today for [back hole and online aside, back hole] solutions but ultimately we believe it’s part of the network that the ability to use any spectrum, shared spectrum or unlicensed spectrum, can and will be leveraged in our networks.

Next-generation small cell access and back hole leveraging millimeter-wave hotspot technologies that enable further cell densification and plug and play advanced small cell deployments. So, what we believe that these will provide are gigabit-per-second access but we also believe that the delivery of data and the back hole can be delivered in the same bandwidth. So, with mesh technologies and adaptive antennae rays we believe that this can provide the underlay that provides the gigabit-per-second access technology and also solves what I’ll call the last mile problem, the last 50 meter problem, the ability to quickly plug and play new small cells and lower the cost of [out backs] in terms of installation.

Bandwidth management technologies and solutions to provide advanced heterogeneous network mobility and connectivity that moves, aggregates, segregates sessions based on connection cost and power and policy considerations.

Adaptive content delivery solutions including user-adaptive streaming and real-time content delivery solutions. These can provide high-quality user experience limiting the bandwidth and power consumption on devices and at the same time lowering the cost of content delivery for content owners or CDNs.

I talked about the things that we’re doing but there are other elements that we see that can be part of 5G. So, these are some of the drivers that we see. Ultimately we see the big drivers is energy efficiency, spectrum agility. The ability to use available spectrum and to do it in a cost and power-effective way. So, some of the technologies at Inter Digital is working on is advanced waveform solutions. This will improve energy and efficiency, limit the leakage. This can open up additional spectrum, adjacent channel spectrum for new services. Full-duplex single-channel. This is something that’s more at a research level now but we think this brings the ability to double the capacity on available channels. Device-to-device and advanced mesh technologies. This is including some of the current standard activities but we think that this can bring additional capability. Also we think - talked about bandwidth management solutions. We think that still has a way to go in terms of additional integration of heterogeneous networks. living network, 5g, Jim Nolan, labs

Smart Access Manager Demo with Bob Gazda

Bob: Hello my name is Bob [Gazda] and we’re here at the Broadband World Forum in Amsterdam. Here at Inter Digital we’re displaying our smart access manager client technology. This is an intelligent data offload client that runs on end users’ devices and it bridges the gap between Wi-Fi networks and other networks providing an always-best connected experience.

So, in today’s world we very much live in a world of network of networks. So, there are Wi-Fi networks overlaid with cellular networks. One network may be congested while at the same time another network is being under-utilized. Our technology is blending these networks together to provide a seamless always-best connected experience to the mobile end user while at the same time providing a network operator the tools that they could best utilize their network resources.

Now the smart access manager is an intelligent data offload client that runs on end user terminal devices like smartphones and tablets. It’s very important to have a client component within the Wi-Fi offload solution to provide flexibility and adaptability in Wi-Fi cellular integration. To a greater degree that can be accomplished with network-only solutions or also proprietary-based solutions.

Our smart access manager client is implementing what is known as the access network selection and discovery function, sometimes referred to as ANDSF, which is a standard component included in the 3GPP.

So, here let’s take a look at our device and we’ll see an example of one of these policies. The smart access manager implements release 8 through release 11 of the 3GPP ANDSF standard. A key access of the standard is providing Wi-Fi preference ratings down to the device to help it make selection decisions to connect to the most appropriate network.

Now the smart access manager takes into consideration both the policy that’s received from the network and then also the real time conditions that are seen on the device. This is extremely important to make that best-connected type of experience.

So, in this policy we have three Wi-Fi networks that are included in the policy. We have a home office Wi-Fi, which is the top ranking, a passpoint Wi-Fi as a second, and also an alliance Wi-Fi. Now the smart access manager is also including hotspot 2.0 as part of its capability. We monitor our hotspot 2.0 parameters as part of network selection. The home office is currently not in range so we’re not connected. Since the passport Wi-Fi is the most highly ranked and in-range Wi-Fi that’s what we’re connected to. And then the alliance Wi-Fi is also in range but we’re not currently connected.

So, now I’m going to demonstrate how the smart access manager reacts to congestion conditions as they occur in real time. So, I’m going to inject congestion into the passport Wi-Fi network. When the smart access manager detects this congestion it’s going to react accordingly. One of the parameters that we monitor is something called the BSS load. The BSS load is a measure of air interface congestion on the Wi-Fi network. And you can see I’ve crossed over a threshold that I have set and the smart access manager has disconnected from the passpoint Wi-Fi. We’ve temporarily banned this network due to the congestion conditions and we’ve selected the alliance Wi-Fi, which is our third-preferenced network.

Now the smart access manager is going to periodically reevaluate these networks. We’ll see now it’s reevaluating passpoint Wi-Fi. The congestion conditions are still in play so we’re once again going to ban that network and we’ll be disconnecting from it and selecting the alliance Wi-Fi. Now if I remove the congestion the smart access manager is also going to detect this situation and react accordingly. We’ll see it reselect passpoint Wi-Fi. Now the smart access manager is once again selecting the passpoint Wi-Fi based on the operator-preferred policy.

So, at Inter Digital we have our smart access manager client available both for Android devices and for IOS devices. I’m going to be showing a demonstration of the SAM becoming installed for the first time on a user’s iPhone device, getting an initial policy download from the ANDSF server and then making a Wi-Fi network selection based on that policy.

So, here we have the SAM client installed on my iPhone. I’m going to accept the conditions around the application. As part of the bootstrapping process an SMS message is going to be sent to the server to bootstrap the device and we’re now registering with the server. Once this registration is complete a Wi-Fi configuration profile is going to be sent to the device and then we’re going to be under SAM Wi-Fi control. So, the profile is now being downloaded and it’s available via a web URL link. The profile is now available for installation. I’m going to click install. Oh, it’s done. We can take a look at some details of what’s in this policy.

So, you can see we have four Wi-Fi networks that are part of the policy we’ve received from the ANDSF server. The operator Wi-Fi is going to be the preferred network. And you can see our device is already connected to Wi-Fi. You can see our Wi-Fi connection is now established and we’re connected to the operator Wi-Fi, which is the highest preferred network in our ANDSF policy. So, an aspect of our ANDSF policy is separate devices and separate users can be managed independently of each other. We have an example of that between our iPad device and our iPhone device. Both of these devices have the smart access manager client installed. We have a very small example policy on how they can be separated into two user groups.

The iPhone has the ability to select between two networks, operator and partner, while the iPad only has the ability to select the operator Wi-Fi network. This is just an example of how an offload policy can be tailored between two different users or between two different device types.

To illustrate the dynamic nature of the Wi-Fi offload policy I’m going to adjust the Wi-Fi networks that the iPhone device is allowed to use in its policy. So, I’m just going to remove the operator Wi-Fi and I’m going to insert the partner Wi-Fi. We’ll see the device react to this change in policy. Now to show the policy change I’m going to disable the Wi-Fi on the device and then I’m going to re-enable the Wi-Fi network and we’ll see it adjust based on the new policy that we’ve set.

Now our device is going to start scanning for Wi-Fi again. We’ll see our two networks come into range, both operator Wi-Fi and partner Wi-Fi. Now in this case instead of selecting the operator Wi-Fi our device is selecting the partner Wi-Fi. Like I mentioned earlier the smart access manager is implementing through release 11 of the ANDSF standard. A key aspect that was added in release 11 is the application routing policy. This is a way that a device, if connected to Wi-Fi and cellular simultaneously, applications could be steered towards separate network interfaces. That’s what we’re doing here in our example. We’re streaming YouTube video while we’re simultaneously streaming DailyMotion Video. We have a separate policy for these two applications. The YouTube video is being modeled or managed as a best-effort Internet service. An over-the-top Internet service. It’s going to be a sign to any Wi-Fi network that the device may come in contact with.

That could include the Wi-Fi policy that was received in the ANDSF rules. Or it could be user wireless LANs that the end user may have connected to outside of the ANDSF policy. The DailyMotion video is being treated as or managed as an operator service. So, this application will either route through the operator’s Wi-Fi network or the cellular network and will be banned or blocked from any other Wi-Fi network outside of the operator’s infrastructure. We can see we’re streaming both of these videos simultaneously.

Now if we take a look at the trooper traffic you can see the amount of traffic the DailyMotion video is taking on the 3GPP or the cellular network. And then simultaneously the YouTube traffic is routing via the Wi-Fi network.

The smart access manager is an intelligent data offload and traffic management client for Android and IOS devices. Being a client application it can take advantage of the contextual information that is available only on the client. One of the real time conditions of the networks that the device is seeing, what’s the context of the user. It provides automatic, seamless Wi-Fi cellular connectivity to the user providing the mobile end user an always-best connected experience. And lastly our solution is centered on standards. So, we’re implementing the ANDSF standard, which is a key component for scalability as this technology rolls out into the marketplace. SAM, smart access manager, broadband management, Bob Gazda, solutions

SAM Demo Interview with Bob Gazda

Male Voice: So, I’m with Bob Gazda. Bob’s with our team that’s doing smart access management research. Bob, what are we looking at here?

Bob Gazda: Here, we have our smart access manager client. This is a connectivity mobility solution that runs on a user’s handset. The idea is to provide a seamless, invisible network experience to mobile users. I care about the content that I want; not necessarily my network connections. But then at the same time we can provide a policy framework that allows a network owner or network operator to manage their network assets, take advantage of Wi-Fi networks in conjunction or in combination with cellular networks, and then we can intelligently match application traffic to those networks.

Male Voice: In terms of market this is kind of at the intersection where operator meets device, right? You’ve got something running on the device that helps you manage the policies and policy control but one of the advantages is for operators as well, correct?

Bob Gazda: Exactly. So, operators are deploying their own Wi-Fi networks so it’s very common. And as an operator I can have a congested cellular network while right next to it I have under-utilized Wi-Fi assets. And this is about being able to take advantage of those assets and do it in a way that’s seamless to the users. So, I’m not bothering somebody with Wi-Fi access and it will happen seamlessly to the mobile user.

Male Voice: Fantastic. Thanks a lot.

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Smart Access Manager

InterDigital. Smart Access Manager: How it Works.


Context-aware power into off-load, segregate, aggregate traffic. (SAM) Smart Access Manager.


What is SAM? SAM is a policy-driven client that seamlessly navigates connectivity between cellular and Wi-Fi network.


How does SAM work? Service provider has a multitude of adaptable ANDSF policies which are sent to a user’s device.


When a network becomes congested device offloads application to an approved Wi-Fi network. The device manages its connectivity by location, time of day, operator, and user preferences all in real time.


How is SAM used? Dynamic policy control intelligently matches applications to networks by:
1) Smartphone connected through a cellular network. Running apps (streaming audio via LTE; streaming a video feed via LTE)
2) Phone connects and switches to Wi-Fi. Running apps (streaming audio via Wi-Fi; streaming a video feed via Wi-Fi)
3) Phone connects to both cellular and Wi-Fi. Running apps (streaming audio via LTE; streaming a video feed via Wi-Fi)
The result: an efficient combination of policy enforcement, network analytics, knowledge of user content.


What are the benefits of SAM? This solution is unique because it is standards compliant. Users who use our SAM will see these advantages:


User Benefit: consistent and seamless quality of experience for application and services
Service Provider Advantage: Service provider manages network resources efficiently
Application Providers Advantage: Unique capability to map networks and applications. Best-in-class experience, services, and applications anywhere, any networks.
OEM Advantage: Scalable solution enterprise, metro and macro deployments. Closely coordinate and manage Wi-Fi, Femto, 3G, LTE networks.


SAM’s efficiency optimizes resources on the mobile device and improves user experience.

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Advanced Waveforms Demo Interview with Doug Castor

Doug Castor: Under the advanced waveforms in [RF] project we’re looking at some of the limitations of OFDM and searching for new waveforms for 5G and future system architectures. Some of the future system architectures are built on assumptions which are a lot different than 4G and prior system architectures. We’re now looking at small cells, heterogeneous networks, TV white space, and shared spectrum situations where we have to be more conscious of the interference that we’re causing to neighboring spectrum. So, it forces us to rethink OFDM and whether that’s an appropriate waveform for systems going forward. We’re looking at providing advantages and energy efficiency and spectral agility.

Spectral agility is the ability to support noncontiguous waveforms in flexible bandwidth. On this platform we have the advanced waveforms evaluation platform which allows us to load on baseband waveforms under the class of filter bank multicarrier and look at energy efficiency, spectral agility solutions, and ways that we can reduce the side loads of modulations so that they have less interference to neighboring systems. The baseband waveforms are able to be played out through two different radios. The first one is our LTE 1.9 GHz radio and the second one is the wireless LAN 5.5 GHz radio. The evaluation [board] also has the capabilities for press factor reduction, envelope tracking, and digital pre-distortion.

When I turn on each of these technologies, with press factor reduction we see an increase in average power of roughly 1.5dB for a total average output power of 20.5dB and we also have digital pre-distortion capabilities in this platform. With digital pre-distortion we’ll see a decrease in the adjacent channel interference from -40dB to roughly -50dB. So, we have a 10dB decrease on adjacent channel interference. So, in this platform we’re able to take our baseband waveforms and evaluate those in a combined manner with the envelope tracking, digital pre-distortion, and press factor reduction techniques. And this is a platform that [we’re] going to be used to continue to evaluate future, 5G [air] interface waveforms.

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