MWC 2013
5G Millimeter Wave Hotspots
© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Main driver of capacity growth last 50 years1
Microcell
Femto
Cellular
Broadcast
Picocell
WiFi
Nano
mmW
Hotspots
It has always been about making the network more efficient
All driving us to a world of ubiquitous connectivity
This is unlikely to change anytime soon
Next step: Dense Deployments and Hotspot technology using sophisticated wireless access and backhaul
Falling device cost & wealth of spectrum will drive millimeter wave (mmW) use for dense wireless networks
(3.5GHz5GHz10GHz20GHz 60Hz )
1 Source: Agilent, 2008 (Coopers Law)
2000x
Number of cells
25x
More Spectrum
20x
Radio Design
The Relentless Move To Small & Smaller Cell Solutions
Dense Deployments
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© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
Small cell has been and will remain the main driver of capacity
Cooper’s Law: number of “conversations” than can be conducted over a given area has double every 2.5 years for past 104 years!...This is due to smaller cells and more spatial reuse.
A solution we are working toward for the next big step in wireless capacity is at the nexus of small cell and higher frequency trends -> mmH
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A Conjecture on year 2020 spectrum requirements…
Average Speeds1
Population Density
Devices/ Person
Busy Hour
RequiredArea Capacity
2013
0.8Mbps
x4984/km2
x1.20
x15%
0.71Gbps/km2
2016
2.9Mbps
x5191/km2
x1.40
x20%
4.2Gbps/km2
2020
30Mbps
x5477/km2
x1.70
x25%
69.8Gbps/km2
London
1Cisco VNI 2012 2 3GPP TR 36.913 (Microcellular model: 2.6b/s/Hz/Cell, ISD=500m, 4x2MIMO) – Assumes perfect trunking efficiencies
Assuming only the performance of LTE-A today1 at 500m cell size
In 2016 we might need 317MHz of spectrum
By 2020 we might need more than 5GHz!
Only mmW bands can support this demand
Smaller Cells sounds simple, but what about spectrum for backhaul?
Small Cell Interference problems?
The Bandwidth Crunch –
Small cells are only part of the solution
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© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco VNI 2012
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white_paper_c11-520862.html
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Higher frequency backhaul and access solutions to solve the future wireless capacity problem
500X capacity growth by 2020!
Extend mmW MAC/PHY and add directional mesh networking to provide high capacity, low cost backhaul solution
Enable wireless backhaul
Full mmH
Architecture
Leverage mmW radios which are becoming commercially available
Small Cells meet High Frequency Spectrum
mmWave Hotspots (mmH)
Extend support to Access links and integrate with 3GPP
Adapt 3GPP RAN Architecture to support multi-RAT mmW
Next G
eNB
mmW
backhaul
mmW
access
Traditional
Cellular
Link
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© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure Source: http://www.ltcc.de/en/rd_san.php
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1ABI reports that by 2017 80% of all small cells will have a wireless backhaul solution
Millimeter Wave Hotspot Use Cases
Access
Access link capacity needs to grow to support 80% CAGR in data demand
Radio integration into devices has already begun, enabling mmW bands for small cell access
Initially for cable replacement in 2013, longer term for access
By 2016, mmW will be in 1/3 of 802.11 shipments1
Backhaul
Backhaul is a top priority for small cell deployments
80% of small cells will have wireless backhaul
Cost of fiber is ~4x greater than wireless (cumulative CAPEX/OPEX)
Small Cell mesh inter-connectivity over ~150m
Large indoor and outdoor public spaces
Small Mesh
60-80 GHz
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© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
Reference for 1/3 is needed
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mmH Architecture
802.11
Interfaces with Core Network using standards based WLAN/3GPP interworking
Mesh extension of existing mmW MAC/PHY
Shared mB equipment for backhaul and access
Multi-band (2.4/5/60 GHz) support for enhanced coverage
3GPP
mB underlay integrated with RAN architecture, with no Core Network impact
Control plane functions provided by eNB
Additional data capacity provided by local mB
Impact limited to RAN nodes, with no impact to core
Options for Network Integration
3GPP
802.11
mB = Millimeter Wave Basetation
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© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
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100x over today’s small cell capacity,
yielding 50Gbps/km2
Campus Deployment
Ray tracing software computes power, delay, and AoA information for each grid point
150m
Goal of 50 Gbps/km2 can be met, with excess capacity useable for wireless backhaul
90% coverage demonstrated in most scenarios (Campus and Urban models)
150m inter-site distances is reasonable
Campus Model
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© 2013 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
Assumes 2GHz at 60GHz ISM band
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